Provenance
Every source, traced.
turnout.app cites 23 national / federal sources, 56 state Secretary-of-State authority roots, 500 per-task state action URLs across 50 states, and 96 county action URLs across 12 first-class counties / boroughs. Each fact on this site traces back to one of five confidence tiers below.
453 of 505 catalogued sources verified in the last 7 days
The five-tier confidence stack
- 1Official — State / federal authority of record — Secretary of State, Census, FEC, Congress, FVAP, EAC. Highest trust.
- 2Official-republished — Official-reviewed aggregators — VIP, CTCL Ballot Information Project, Vote.gov routing.
- 3Curated — Trusted civic-data publishers — NCSL, BallotReady, Ballotpedia, Democracy Works, OpenStates.
- 4Historical — Research datasets — OpenElections, VEST, MIT Election Lab, EAC EAVS.
- 5turnout.app summary — turnout.app's plain-language summaries. Always labeled. Never a substitute for verbatim ballot text.
Active ingest pipelines
12 pipelines currently feed the public MCP server. Counts below come from civic.health at build time and refresh every 10 minutes — no redeploy needed when an ingest cron fires.
1
Every political division turnout.app cites — boundary polygons + OCD-IDs.
geo.lookup_divisionscivic.house_districtscivic.list_states53,551 divisions (vintage 2024)2026-05-03
1
Staged 2025 boundary table for the 2026 cycle's redistricting cases.
geo.lookup_divisions52,910 divisions (vintage 2025)2026-05-03
1
US Census GeocoderWAVE 1
Street-address fallback geocoding when the in-DB ZCTA / place centroid path can't resolve.
geo.geocodecivic.my_repslive · cached server-side2026-05-03
1
US Census ACS 5-yearWAVE 7
Population, median income, race, and education breakdown per OCD-ID.
civic.census_profile3 divisions cached · refreshed annually2026-05-03
1
FVAP eVAG XML feedsWAVE 8
Military / overseas voter deadlines + ballot rules, federally curated.
civic.uocava_infocivic.uocava_deadlines56 jurisdictions · 338 deadlines2026-05-01
1
FEC OpenFEC APIWAVE 4
Federal-candidate campaign finance — receipts, disbursements, cash on hand.
civic.candidate_finance4,013 candidates · cycle 20262026-05-03
2
Live ballot, polling places, drop-boxes per residential address.
civic.voter_info52/52 jurisdictions probed · 13 states with measures2026-05-03
2
Live election returns from the Clarity / Civix vendor that powers ~30 states.
civic.live_resultsGA, CO, PA, AZ, OH, MO, MN, NV, IN, WV + ~20 more2026-05-01
2
Florida ENR (voterfocus)WAVE 6
Live county-level Florida returns via the voterfocus / VR Systems network.
civic.fl_resultsFL counties (DAD, BRO, ORA, DUV, etc.)2026-05-01
1
Congress.gov API v3WAVE 2
Federal members, committees, and per-member bill activity.
civic.officeholderscivic.my_repscivic.about_state524 members · 528 committee assignments · 2,175 bill rows2026-05-03
3
OpenStates v3 (Plural)WAVE 2
State legislators (upper + lower) grouped by district.
civic.officeholderscivic.my_reps4,581 members · 50/50 states cached2026-05-03
3
Voter-ID strictness mapped to a structured rule object per state.
civic.voting_info51/51 states typed2026-04-15
National & federal sources, by tier
Every fact on this site that isn’t state-specific traces to one of these 23 entries. Active ingests appear in the section above; this list is the full ledger including well-known references and items still queued for ingest.
1
Tier 1 · Official source of record
State / federal authority of record — Census, FEC, Congress.gov, FVAP. Highest trust.
US Census TIGER/Line 2024
geography · updated annual · ingested
Canonical division layer powering /lookup, /zip, and the home-page map. ~53,551 polygons across federal, state legislative, county, place, and school district levels.
2026-05-03
US Census TIGER/Line 2025
geography · updated annual · ingested
Staged 2025 boundary table — exposed via geo.lookup_divisions?vintage=2025. Promoted to canonical when district court rulings on the cycle's redistricting cases settle.
2026-05-03
US Census Geocoder
geography · updated live · ingested
Street-address fallback for geo.geocode when the in-DB ZCTA / place centroid path returns no match. Cached server-side.
2026-05-03
US Census ACS 5-year
enrichment · updated annual · ingested
Demographic profile (population, median income, race breakdown, education) per OCD-ID — state, congressional district, county. Powers civic.census_profile. 13 USC § 141, § 193.
2026-05-03
Vote.gov
registration · updated live · manual entry
2026-04-15
FVAP eVAG XML feeds
election calendar · updated weekly · ingested
UOCAVA / military / overseas-voter feed for 56 jurisdictions, 338 deadline rows. Powers civic.uocava_info + civic.uocava_deadlines.
2026-05-01
FEC OpenFEC API
campaign finance · updated daily · ingested
4,004 candidate filings + financial summaries for cycle 2026. Refreshed daily. Powers civic.candidate_finance. Tier-1 because FEC filings are mandatory under FECA.
2026-05-03
Congress.gov API v3
officeholders · updated daily · ingested
524 federal members across 50 states, 528 committee assignments, plus per-member sponsored / cosponsored bills (242 members, 2,175 bill rows). Powers civic.officeholders + member-bills feed. Refreshed every 7 days.
2026-05-03
26 USC § 7 (federal election day)
election calendar · static · manual entry
2026-04-15
2
Tier 2 · Official-republished
Vendors / aggregators that republish state SOS data on contract: Google Civic, VIP, Clarity, Florida ENR.
Open Civic Data Identifiers
geography · static · ingested
The well-known identifier scheme every division on the site is keyed by. Joint Sunlight Foundation + Open Civic Data spec; backstops every join across TIGER, OpenStates, Google Civic, FEC, and FVAP.
2026-05-03
Google Civic Information API
candidate filings · updated election-cycle · ingested
Federates state / county SOS data via the Voting Information Project (VIP). Powers civic.voter_info — live ballot, polling places, drop-off sites, contest list. 52 probe addresses cached; coverage is election-window dependent.
2026-05-03
Voting Information Project (VIP)
candidate filings · updated election-cycle · ingested
The upstream spec / data interchange that backs Google Civic. Direct VIP feeds remain the right path for non-Google clients. Joint Democracy Works + state SOS partnership.
2026-05-03
Florida ENR (voterfocus)
results · updated election-cycle · ingested
VR Systems' voterfocus network — live county-level returns for FL (DAD = Miami-Dade, BRO = Broward, ORA = Orange, DUV = Duval, etc.). HTML scrape with cite-able 'data as of' Unix timestamp. Powers civic.fl_results.
2026-05-01
CTCL Ballot Information Project
candidate filings · updated election-cycle · INGEST QUEUED
Sources from state/local officials. Evaluate access + license.
2026-04-15
Clarity Elections (Civix / Scytl)
results · updated election-cycle · ingested
Vendor-republished precinct-level returns for ~30 states (GA, CO, PA, AZ, OH, MO, MN, NV, IN, WV, etc.). Counts update as precincts report; final certified totals come from each state's Secretary of State. Powers civic.live_results.
2026-05-01
3
Tier 3 · Curated
Trusted civic-data publishers: NCSL, OpenStates, NGA, @unitedstates/congress-legislators.
NCSL voter ID requirements
voter id rules · updated election-cycle · manual entry
36 states request or require ID; 14 + DC use other verification. Verify per state against SOS pages.
2026-04-15
NCSL absentee + VBM rules
vbm rules · updated election-cycle · manual entry
Tracks no-excuse and all-mail states; postmark-vs-receipt rules per state.
2026-04-15
NCSL early in-person voting
election calendar · updated election-cycle · manual entry
2026-05-01
OpenStates v3 (Plural)
officeholders · updated daily · ingested
3,056 state legislators across 31 cached states, grouped by district to preserve multi-member districts (WV / NH / MD / VT / NJ / MA). Refreshed every 7 days. Wave-3 backfill in flight for the remaining 19 states.
2026-05-03
@unitedstates/congress-legislators
officeholders · updated daily · ingested
Public-domain Congress identity ledger curated by the @unitedstates project. Backstops Congress.gov for committee assignments + bill metadata where the v3 API lags. CC0.
2026-05-03
National Governors Association directory
officeholders · updated election-cycle · manual entry
Hand-verified governor name + party for all 50 states + DC. Cross-checked against state SOS directories. Folded into state-data.ts (powers civic.about_state + civic.my_reps).
2026-05-03
Ballotpedia
enrichment · updated election-cycle · INGEST QUEUED
Referenced for cross-checking races + candidates; not yet ingested. License terms restrict bulk re-publication, so any future adapter has to be link-back / fact-only. Phase-2 candidate.
2026-05-03
5
Tier 5 · turnout.app interpretation
Plain-language summaries authored by turnout.app. Always labeled. Never a substitute for verbatim ballot text.
Wikipedia REST API (CC BY-SA 4.0)
enrichment · updated live · ingested
Per-division summaries via civic.about_division. 24h cache.
2026-04-15
State authorities of record
The Secretary of State or Board of Elections page for all 51 states + DC. Tier-1 sources of record for state-level voting rules. 50 states have populated per-task action URLs (sample ballot, OVR, polling place, etc.). The remainder are scheduled for round-4+ expansion.
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First-class county / borough authorities
Some local authorities have voter-services tooling that rivals or beats their parent state. NYC BOE, LA County RR/CC, and Miami-Dade SOE are first-class peer authorities, not delegates. Together these 12 counties cover ~30M registered voters.
FIRST-CLASS→FIRST-CLASS→FIRST-CLASS→FIRST-CLASS→SHIM→FIRST-CLASS→FIRST-CLASS→FIRST-CLASS→SHIM→FIRST-CLASS→FIRST-CLASS→FIRST-CLASS→
Los Angeles County Registrar-Recorder/County Clerk
Interactive Sample Ballot with Poll Pass QR. Vote-center model under VCA. Drop-boxes always-on.
~5,600,000 registered
Harris County Clerk Elections Department
CWPP (countywide polling). Real-time wait-time API at app.harrisvotes.com/WaitTimes. One drop-box for the entire county per TX SB 1.
~2,600,000 registered
New York City Board of Elections
Single BOE covers all 5 boroughs. findmypollsite.vote.nyc beats the state's voterlookup. Lowest-friction tracker auth in the top-5.
~5,000,000 registered
Miami-Dade County Supervisor of Elections
Two-host architecture: miamidade.gov (CMS hub) + miamidade.electionsfl.org (VR Systems voter actions). State delegates to county.
~1,500,000 registered
Fulton County Department of Registration and Elections
GA SOS MVP covers most voter actions statewide. Fulton adds composite PDFs + drop-box GIS map. Results via Clarity Elections.
~830,000 registered
Maricopa County Recorder + Elections Department
~60% of all AZ voters. Cloudflare-hardened (WAF challenge to plain fetch). Vote-center model on Election Day; AEVL = AZ's universal-mail equivalent. Memorable short URLs: BeBallotReady.Vote (dashboard), Locations.Maricopa.Vote (locator).
~2,650,000 registered
Cook County Clerk's Office, Election Division (suburban Cook)
Suburban Cook ONLY — 30 townships + 130+ munis outside Chicago. Chicago BOE is a separate authority with its own FIPS-CHI entry. IL has no statewide tracker, so Cook's unified Voter Information tool is the canonical surface for suburban voters.
~1,400,000 registered
Chicago Board of Election Commissioners
Covers ONLY the City of Chicago — separate authority inside Cook FIPS. Sample ballot in EN/ES/ZH/HI/PL/KO/TL — most multilingual sample-ballot surface in the sweep. Independent of suburban Cook (different VBM DB, results stack, drop-box list).
~1,500,000 registered
Wayne County Clerk Elections Division
MI is city/township-administered, so Wayne County is largely a state shim. Aggregates results across 43 munis post-canvass. Does NOT publish drop-box list (each muni does). Detroit is the actual first-class authority for Detroit voters — see 26163-DET.
~1,400,000 registered
Detroit Department of Elections
Detroit is its own first-class authority under MI law (city clerk). Independently runs BallotTrax (detroitmi.gov/node/12141) on top of the state MVIC tracker — only city-clerk in the sweep with a county+vendor tracker pattern in an otherwise state-deferred state.
~480,000 registered
Philadelphia City Commissioners
PA's only consolidated city-county. ArcGIS-native polling-place portal at atlas.phila.gov — only county whose primary lookup tool IS a GIS app. PA SOS doesn't aggregate sample ballots, so vote.phila.gov is the only real surface for Philly voters.
~1,000,000 registered
King County Elections (Seattle)
All-mail state. KCE's drop-box layer is published in the King County Spatial Data Catalog as `ballot_dropbox` — only county in either sweep with a first-class GIS data-catalog entry. Plus a return-statistics dashboard with per-day/per-box counts post-Election Day. Best machine-readable surface in the registry.
~1,500,000 registered
What’s queued
- · Per-task action URLs for the remaining 1 states (round-5+ expansion).
- · State-legislator backfill for the 0 states OpenStates v3 hasn’t cached yet — incremental, ~7-day refresh.
- · TIGER/Line 2025 promotion to canonical once district-court redistricting rulings settle. The 2025 boundary table is already staged and queryable via
geo.lookup_divisions?vintage=2025. - · Ballotpedia adapter (Tier 4 / aggregated) — referenced for cross-checking but not ingested. License terms restrict bulk re-publication; any future adapter will be link-back / fact-only.
- · BallotTrax intentionally skipped on the public side per its
robots.txt: Disallow: /+ per-voter PII auth. Mail-ballot tracking remains a per-state SOS link-out. - · County-tier GIS adapter expansion: Cook County + Chicago BOE, Wayne County (Detroit), Maricopa (Phoenix), Fulton (Atlanta). King County (WA) + Philadelphia are already wired through
civic.gis_layer.